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Barium carbonate (BaCO3), also known as witherite, is a chemical compound
used in rat poison, bricks, ceramic glazes and cement.
The mineral is named after William Withering, who in 1784 recognized it to be
chemically distinct from barytes. It occurs in veins of lead ore at Hexham in
Northumberland, Alston in Cumbria, Anglezarke, near Chorley in Lancashire and a
few other localities. Witherite is readily altered to barium sulfate by the action of
water containing calcium sulfate in solution and crystals are therefore frequently
encrusted with barytes. It is the chief source of barium salts and is mined in
considerable amounts in Northumberland. It is used for the preparation of rat
poison, in the manufacture of glass and porcelain, and formerly for refining sugar.It
is also used for controlling the chromate to sulfate ratio in chromium electroplating
baths.
| Item | Specification for Frist Grade |
| Purity(BaCO3) | ≥99% |
| Moisture | ≤0.3% |
| SO4 | ≤0.35% |
| Iron(Fe) | ≤0.004% |
| HCL insoluble Matter | ≤0.25% |
Barium carbonate is made commercially from barium sulfide either by
treatment with sodium carbonate at 60 to 70 °C (soda ash method) or by passing
carbon dioxide at 40 to 90 °C.In the soda ash process, solid or dissolved sodium
carbonate is added to barium sulfide solution, and the barium carbonate precipitate
is filtered, washed and dried.
Barium carbonate reacts with acids such as hydrochloric acid to form soluble
barium salts, such as barium chloride:
BaCO3 + 2 HCl(aq) → BaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
However, the reaction with sulfuric acid is poor, because barium sulfate is highly
insoluble.
Barium carbonate was widely used for making optical glass and bricks .
Harmful if swallowed.
Use personal protective equipment.
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attention immediately if symptoms occur.
Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15
minutes. Obtain medical attention.
Move to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if victim ingested or inhaled the
substance; induce artifici.
Get medical attention immediately if symptoms occur.
Do not induce vomiting.
Call a physician or Poison Control Center immediately.